编号 lyqk011818

中文标题 哈尔滨城市居民区鸟类多样性与空间分布

作者 姜瑞  刘嘉博  朱逊 

作者单位 1. 哈尔滨工业大学建筑与设计学院 自然资源部寒地国土空间规划与生态?；ば薷粗氐闶笛槭?哈尔滨 150006;
2. 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院有限公司 广州 510050

期刊名称 中国城市林业 

年份 2025 

卷号 23

期号 2

栏目名称 城市生物多样性 

中文摘要 【目的】探讨影响居民区绿地鸟类多样性的关键因子,旨在指导城市鸟类多样性保育和管理?！痉椒ā恳怨跏兄鞒乔?2个居民区作为研究区域,开展161个样点的实地调查,使用多元回归模型分析鸟类多样性的空间分异?！窘峁?)共记录野生鸟类2 576只,隶属于6目12科17种,以麻雀、喜鹊为优势种。鸟类食物功能团主要包括杂食类、植食类和食虫类,体现了鸟类“同步城市化”特征。2)研究区域鸟类分布呈现滨河高层居民区鸟类多样性水平高,离河多层居民区鸟类多样性水平低,物种多样性在4类居民区绿地间差异显著;3)临近城市河流廊道的居民区绿地拥有显著鸟类群落结构,距城市生态源地较远的绿地尽管具有较大的群落规模,但鸟类群落结构单调,部分临近生态廊道的小型绿地虽个体数量少,但物种丰富度较高;4)除了植被和水体等自然生境,鸟类停留的人工界面包括建筑外立面及屋檐,道路、广场等硬质地表区和亭廊、电线杆、雕塑等设施;旅鸟与候鸟则更青睐于与地面垂直距离较远的植被层,40.93%位于高大乔木层。【结论】高密度居住区具有更高的鸟类多样性水平;对于同一区位的居住区绿地,提升绿地面积、绿地连接值、乔木丰富度能够促进鸟类多样性水平;迁徙鸟类偏好离地面更高、距河流更近的停歇点。未来城市居民区绿地更新建议根据距离生态源地的远近分级,增加鸟类调查的空间精度,为居住区内部绿地设计及鸟类?；ぬ峁┮谰?。

关键词 居民区绿地  鸟类多样性  空间分布  栖息位置 

基金项目 黑龙江省科技创新基地奖励项目(JD24A015),黑龙江省文化和旅游科研课题重点课题(2024WL03)

英文标题 Bird Diversity in Urban Residential Areas of Harbin and Its Spatial Distribution

作者英文名 Jiang Rui, Liu Jiabo, Zhu Xun

单位英文名 1. School of Architecture and Design, Harbin Institute of Technology/Key Laboratory of Ministry of Natural Resources for National Territory Spatial Planning and Ecological Restoration in Cold Regions, Harbin 150006, China;
2. Guangzhou Urban Planning Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou 510050, China

英文摘要 【Objective】 To explore the key factors affecting the bird diversity in green spaces of residential compounds. 【Method】 In the 42 urban residential compounds in the core area of Harbin, field surveys are conducted on 161 sampling points, and a multiple regression model is used to analyze the spatial differentiation of bird diversity. 【Result】 1) A total of 2 576 wild birds belonging to 17 species in 13 families of 6 orders are recorded, with sparrows and magpies as dominant species. The birds are classified into omnivorous, herbivorous, and insectivorous groups by food sources, reflecting the characteristic of synchronous urbanization of birds; 2) The distribution of birds in the study area shows a high level of bird diversity in high-rise residential compounds along the river, while a low level of bird diversity in multi-story residential compounds away from the river. There are significant differences in species diversity among the four types of green spaces in residential compounds; 3) Residential compounds near urban river corridors have significant bird community structures in their green space, while green spaces far from urban ecological sources have larger bird community sizes but narrow community structures. Some small green spaces near ecological corridors have a lower number of birds but higher species richness; and 4) In addition to natural habitats such as vegetation and water bodies, the artificial interfaces where birds stay include building facades and eaves, hard surface areas such as roads and squares, and facilities such as pavilions, utility poles, sculptures, etc; Migratory birds and visitor birds prefer vegetation layers that are vertically far from the ground, and 40.93% of these birds live in the layer of tall tree. 【Conclusion】 Residential compounds with a high density have a higher level of bird diversity. For green spaces in the same location, expanding the green space area, enhancing green space connectivity, and increasing tall tree richness can make the level of bird diversity uplifted. Migratory birds prefer resting points higher above the ground and closer to rivers. In the future regeneration of urban green spaces in residential compounds, the spatial precision of bird survey should be improved in accordance with the grades of distance from ecological sources so as to provide references for the design of green spaces in urban compounds and for bird protection.

英文关键词 residential green space;bird diversity;spatial distribution;habitat location

起始页码 18

截止页码 25

投稿时间 2025/1/21

作者简介 姜瑞(1995-),男,博士生,研究方向为生态规划与城市生物多样性。E-mail:21B334011@stu.hit.edu.cn

通讯作者介绍 朱逊(1979-),女,博士,教授,研究方向为风景园林历史与理论、风景园林规划与设计。E-mail:zhuxun@hit.edu.cn

E-mail zhuxun@hit.edu.cn

DOI 10.12169/zgcsly.2025.01.21.0003

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